Architecture

Kotlin is a programming language and has its own architecture to allocate memory and produce a quality output to the end user.

Following are the different scenarios where Kotlin compiler will work differently.

• Compile Kotlin into bytecode which can run on JVM. This bytecode is exactly equal to the byte code generated by the Java .class file.
• Whenever Kotlin targets JavaScript, the Kotlin compiler converts the .kt file into ES5.1 and generates a compatible code for JavaScript.
• Kotlin compiler is capable of creating platform basis compatible codes via LLVM.
• Kotlin Multiplatform Mobile (KMM) is used to create multiplatform mobile applications with code shared between Android and iOS.

Whenever two byte coded files ( Two different programs from Kotlin and Java) runs on the JVM, they can communicate with each other and this is how an interoperable feature is established in Kotlin for Java.

Kotlin Native

Kotlin/Native is a technology for compiling Kotlin code to native binaries, which can run without a virtual machine. Kotlin/Native supports the following platforms:

• macOS
• iOS, tvOS, watchOS
• Linux
• Windows (MinGW)
• Android NDK
• Many more…

Kotlin/Native is primarily designed to allow compilation for platforms where virtual machines are not desirable or possible, for example, embedded devices or iOS.

It is easy to include a compiled Kotlin code into existing projects written in C, C++, Swift, Objective-C, and other languages.