Author: admin
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Scope Rules
A scope in any programming is a region of the program where a defined variable can have its existence and beyond that variable it cannot be accessed. There are three places where variables can be declared in C programming language − Let us understand what are local and global variables, and formal parameters. Local Variables Variables that are declared inside a function…
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Program Structure
A COBOL program structure consists of divisions as shown in the following image − A brief introduction of these divisions is given below − You can co-relate the above-mentioned terms with the COBOL program in the following example − Divisions A COBOL program consists of four divisions. Identification Division It is the first and only…
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Recursion in C
Recursion is the process by which a function calls itself. C language allows writing of such functions which call itself to solve complicated problems by breaking them down into simple and easy problems. These functions are known as recursive functions. What is a Recursive Function in C? A recursive function in C is a function that calls itself. A…
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Environment Setup
Installing COBOL on Windows/Linux There are many Free Mainframe Emulators available for Windows which can be used to write and learn simple COBOL programs. One such emulator is Hercules, which can be easily installed on Windows by following a few simple steps as given below − Hercules is an open-source software implementation of the mainframe…
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Overview
Introduction to COBOL COBOL is a high-level language. One must understand the way COBOL works. Computers only understand machine code, a binary stream of 0s and 1s. COBOL code must be converted into machine code using a compiler. Run the program source through a compiler. The compiler first checks for any syntax errors and then converts…
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Return Statement in C
The return statement terminates the execution of a function and returns control to the calling function. Every function should have a return statement as its last statement. While using the returns statement, the return type and returned value (expression) must be the same. Syntax of return Statement Here is the syntax of the return statement: The following main() function shows return as its…
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Callback Function in C
Callback functions are extremely versatile, particularly in event-driven programming. When a specific event is triggered, a callback function mapped to it is executed in response to these events. This is typically used in GUI applications, an action like a button click can initiate a series of predefined actions. Callback Function The callback function is basically…
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User-defined Functions in C
A function in C is a block of organized, reusable code that is used to perform a single related action. In any C program, there are one or more functions − classified as library functions and user-defined functions. There are two types of functions in C − Any C compiler (e.g. GCC compiler, Clang, MSVC compiler, etc.)…
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Variadic Functions in C
Variadic functions are one of the powerful but very rarely used features in C language. Variadic functions add a lot of flexibility in programming the application structure. Variadic Function in C A function that can take a variable number of arguments is called a variadic function. One fixed argument is required to define a variadic function.…
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Nested Functions in C
The term nesting, in programming context refers to enclosing a particular programming element inside another similar element. Just like nested loops, nested structures, etc., a nested function is a term used to describe the use of one or more functions inside another function. What is Lexical Scoping? In C language, defining a function inside another one…