Author: admin
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Environment Setup
Local Environment Setup If you are still willing to set up your environment for Lisp programming language, you need the following two softwares available on your computer, (a) Text Editor and (b) The Lisp Executer. Text Editor This will be used to type your program. Examples of few editors include Windows Notepad, OS Edit command,…
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Overview
John McCarthy invented LISP in 1958, shortly after the development of FORTRAN. It was first implemented by Steve Russell on an IBM 704 computer. It is particularly suitable for Artificial Intelligence programs, as it processes symbolic information effectively. Common Lisp originated, during the 1980s and 1990s, in an attempt to unify the work of several…
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Loops
There may be a situation, when you need to execute a block of code several number of times. In general, statements are executed sequentially: The first statement in a function is executed first, followed by the second, and so on. Programming languages provide various control structures that allow for more complicated execution paths. A loop…
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Decision Making
Decision making structures require that the programmer specify one or more conditions to be evaluated or tested by the program, along with a statement or statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be true, and optionally, other statements to be executed if the condition is determined to be false. Following is the…
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Functions
Kotlin is a statically typed language, hence, functions play a great role in it. We are pretty familiar with function, as we are using function throughout our examples in our last chapters. A function is a block of code which is written to perform a particular task. Functions are supported by all the modern programming languages and…
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Operators
An operator is a symbol that tells the compiler to perform specific mathematical or logical manipulations. Go language is rich in built-in operators and provides the following types of operators − This tutorial explains arithmetic, relational, logical, bitwise, assignment, and other operators one by one. Arithmetic Operators Following table shows all the arithmetic operators supported…
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Constants
Constants refer to fixed values that the program may not alter during its execution. These fixed values are also called literals. Constants can be of any of the basic data types like an integer constant, a floating constant, a character constant, or a string literal. There are also enumeration constants as well. Constants are treated just like…
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Ranges
Kotlin range is defined by its two endpoint values which are both included in the range. Kotlin ranges are created with rangeTo() function, or simply using downTo or (. .) operators. The main operation on ranges is contains, which is usually used in the form of in and !in operators. Example Both the ends of the range are always included in the range which means that the 1..4…
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Variables
A variable is nothing but a name given to a storage area that the programs can manipulate. Each variable in Go has a specific type, which determines the size and layout of the variable’s memory, the range of values that can be stored within that memory, and the set of operations that can be applied…
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Arrays
Arrays are used to store multiple items of the same data-type in a single variable, such as an integer or string under a single variable name. For example, if we need to store names of 1000 employees, then instead of creating 1000 different string variables, we can simply define an array of string whose capacity…